A A STUDY ON RISK OF DEVELOPMENT OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS IN PREGNANT PATIENTS WITH OVER & SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

Abstract

ABSTRACT:

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the prevalence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant females and to find out if there is an association between these two pathologies.

STUDY DESIGN & SETTING: It is a cross-sectional descriptive case series carried out over a period of 08 months from November 1st 2025 to July 1st 2026 at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, which is a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

METHODOLOGY: 300 pregnant females of age 18-40 years with single viable fetus were included in this study. Thyroid function tests (serum TSH, free T3 and free T4) were done at 16-20 weeks followed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 weeks of gestation. Data was analysed by SPSS version 29.0 using Chi square test. P value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS: The odds of developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were approximately 10 times higher among women with hypothyroidism (OR = 10.24, 95% CI: 4.32–24.28) & this association was statistically significant (p = 0.001)

CONCLUSION: Presence of hypothyroidism was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the study population.

KEY WORDS: Subclinical hypothyroidism, overt hypothyroidism, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).